In the era of rapid technological development nowadays, laser cleaning, as an innovative surface treatment technology, is gradually showing its unique charm and wide application prospects. This article will deeply explore the working principle and superiority of laser cleaning, present its practical application cases in different fields, and analyze the latest technological development trends and research results.
1.The working principle of laser cleaning
Laser cleaning utilizes high-energy laser beams to irradiate the surface of an object, causing the contaminants, rust layers, or coatings on the surface to instantaneously absorb the laser energy, thereby undergoing physical and chemical processes such as thermal expansion, vaporization, and ablation, and ultimately detaching from the object’s surface.
For example, when a laser beam irradiates a rusted metal surface, the rust layer rapidly absorbs the laser energy and heats up. After reaching the vaporization point, it directly transforms into gas, thereby achieving the removal of rust.
2.The comparison between laser cleaning and traditional cleaning methods
| Cleaning method | expense | efficiency | Damage to the material | Environmental friendliness |
| Laser cleaning | Relatively high, but the cost gradually decreases with technological progress | Fast, able to handle large areas quickly | extremely small | No pollution and in line with environmental protection requirements |
| Chemical cleaning | The cost is relatively low, but the cost of chemical reagents is relatively high | Slower and the processing procedure is complex | Possibly large | It generates chemical waste and pollutes the environment |
| Mechanical cleaning | The equipment cost is relatively high while the cost of consumables is moderate | Moderate. It is difficult to handle surfaces with complex shapes | larger | It may generate pollutants such as dust |
Compared with traditional cleaning methods, laser cleaning has the following significant advantages:
1.High efficiency: It can quickly remove contaminants and greatly improve work efficiency. For example, in industrial manufacturing, laser cleaning can complete the surface cleaning of large equipment in a short time.
2.Precision: The position and depth of cleaning can be precisely controlled, with minimal damage to the substrate material.
3.Environmental protection: It does not use chemical reagents and does not produce pollutants such as wastewater and waste gas.
3.The application fields of laser cleaning
Mold cleaning: In industries such as tire production, the cleaning of molds needs to be rapid and reliable. The laser cleaning method is flexible and convenient, and does not cause safety and environmental protection problems brought by chemical solvents and noise.
Building exterior wall cleaning: It can effectively clean contaminants on various stones, metals, and glasses, and is many times more efficient than conventional cleaning. It can also remove black spots, color spots, etc. on the building stones.
Old paint removal for aircraft: It can quickly and effectively remove the old paint without damaging the metal surface of the aircraft and is safer compared to the traditional mechanical paint removal method.
Electronic industry: It can remove oxides on the pins of components before circuit board welding with high precision, with high efficiency and can meet the usage requirements.
Precision machinery industry: It can precisely remove esters and mineral oils on parts without damaging the surface of the parts. It is used for cleaning mechanical parts in the aerospace industry and removing esters in the processing of mechanical parts, etc.
Laser cleaning technology, with its advantages such as high efficiency, precision and environmental protection, has shown great application potential in multiple fields. With the continuous development and innovation of technology, it is believed that it will bring more convenience and value to our production and life.
Post time: Aug-07-2024